Effective in Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Strategy Displayed by Gold Nanoparticles Using Anacardium Occidentale Leaf Extract

Abstract

The study investigates the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy of gold nanoparticles synthesized through a green, plant-mediated approach using aqueous Anacardium occidentale leaf extract (AuNPs-WEAOL). Characterization using dynamic light scattering (DLS) determined the average sizes of AuNPs-WEAOL to be 56.74 ± 3.17 nm, with polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.183. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated through the assays for DPPH, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite, hypochlorous, lipid peroxidation, and super oxide dismutase (SOD) scavenging using standard antioxidant ascorbic acid, and potent in vitro antioxidant efficacy of AuNPs-WEAOL was exhibited. In vitro anti-inflammatory potential was determined through human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization and protein denaturation assay. About 76.28±0.17 % membrane stabilization and 69.45±0.12 % inhibition of protein denaturation were demonstrated by AuNPs-WEAOL at 500 µg/ml dose level compared to standard drug diclofenac sodium. These findings highlight the possibility of AuNPs-WEAOL as a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.