INNOVATIVE NANO-FORMULATIONS FOR PRECISION TREATMENT OF ANTERIOR SEGMENT EYE DISORDERS AND OCULAR INFECTIONS

Abstract

A clear-cut breakthrough in nanotechnology has recently been noted in the field of ophthalmic drug delivery, with promising safety roles in the treatment of anterior segment eye disorders and ocular infections. The standard ways of administering ophthalmic drugs highly rely on the eye retention time, which in turn affects their bioavailability or even the achievement of a targeted therapeutic approach. New Nano-formulations such as nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, and micelles are being created to get around these barriers and improve the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug. Nano carriers can be precisely manipulated for them to improve the stability of the drug, even to extending the time they are on the eye surface to increasing targeting delivery to the affected areas, for example, the cornea, conjunctiva, and iris of the anterior segment. Besides, the inclusion of antimicrobial agents within the nanostructures technology systems is quite a technique that would be very cost-effective and from the patient's perspective would be more efficient since it not only eradicates the infections but also reduces the risk of resistance and for sure improves the patient's safety. This review investigates the latest advances in Nano- formulations for the targeted treatment of anterior segment diseases, discussing their types, benefits compared to conventional treatments, and perspectives in personalized ophthalmic care.