Hybrid Microgrid Optimisation: Power Management, Economic Dispatch and Emission Reduction for Renewable-Diesel Systems

Abstract

This paper explores the modelling and simulation of a hybrid power grid that integrates conventional and renewable energy sources such as diesel generators, wind turbines, and solar panels. The system is structured to meet the energy demands of residential and industrial sectors using a step-down transformer to regulate voltage levels and ensure effective operation across different components. The research employs Simulink to simulate and evaluate key operational factors, such as energy distribution, voltage stability, load-sharing strategies, emission reductions, and cost efficiency. An important feature of the system is its automatic diesel generator control, which restricts generator use to periods when renewable energy is insufficient. This, in turn, achieves a substantial reduction in fuel consumption, exceeding 20%, while maintaining system reliability. The findings confirm the viability of hybrid microgrids in delivering stable energy supplies, improving efficiency, and reducing environmental and economic costs.